This is 3 type of topology of LAN with advantages and disadvantages. I hope can give some information about this to you all ! ;)

What is a Topology?

The physical topology of a network refers to the configuration of cables, computers, and other peripherals. Physical topology should not be confused with logical topology which is the method used to pass information between workstations. Logical topology was discussed in the Protocol chapter.

Main Types of Physical Topologies :

1. Linear Bus :)

A linear bus topology consists of a main run of cable with a terminator at each end. All nodes (file server, workstations, and peripherals) are connected to the linear cable.

Linear Bus topology

Advantages of a Linear Bus Topology :

• Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a linear bus.
• Requires less cable length than a star topology.

Disadvantages of a Linear Bus Topology : 

• Entire network shuts down if there is a break in the main cable.
• Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable.
• Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down.
• Not meant to be used as a stand-alone solution in a large building.

2. Star :)

A star topology is designed with each node (file server, workstations, and peripherals) connected directly to a central network hub, switch, or concentrator .Data on a star network passes through the hub, switch, or concentrator before continuing to its destination. The hub, switch, or concentrator manages and controls all functions of the network. It also acts as a repeater for the data flow. This configuration is common with twisted pair cable; however, it can also be used with coaxial cable or fiber optic cable.

Star topology

Advantages of a Star Topology : 

• Easy to install and wire.
• No disruptions to the network when connecting or removing devices.
• Easy to detect faults and to remove parts.

Disadvantages of a Star Topology : 

• Requires more cable length than a linear topology.
• If the hub, switch, or concentrator fails, nodes attached are disabled.
• More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of the hubs.

3. Ring :)

The ring topology connects computers on a single circle of cable. Unlike the bus topology, there are no terminated ends. The signals travel around the loop in one direction and pass through each computer, which can act as a repeater to boost the signal and send it on to the next computer. This shows a typical ring topology with one server and four workstations. The failure of one computer can have an impact on the entire network.A network's physical topology is the wire itself. A network's logical topology is the way it carries signals on the wire

Advantages of Ring Topology : 

1. High performance delivered
2. Token ring technology reduces the need of server or central hub to manage the workstations
3. All nodes have equal opportunity to transmit the data

Disadvantages of Bus Topology :

1. If one node is disrupted then the whole network goes down
2. It becomes difficult to add/remove nodes
3. If more than one token is generated then it may cause ambiguity in the sending of both kinds.